Radiator.



P.. R. HAWTHORNE.

, RADIATOR.

APPLICATION FILED FEB.10, 1915 Patented Mar. 17, 1914.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

'V'. R. HA WTHORNE.

RADIATOR;

APPLICATION FILED FEB.10.1913.

Patented Mar. 17, 1914.

.3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

`2oA `cooling rnediumto travel UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEicE,

PBIMM R. HAWTHORlilll,I OF BATTLE CREEK, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR TO'NICHOLS-@i -SHEPARD COMPANY, F BATTLECREEK, MICHIGAN. y

RADIATOR.

To au whom t may concern. Be -it known that I, PRIMM R. Hiiwmorne,America, residing at Battle Creek, in the county of Calhoun and State ofMichigan,

have invented a certain new and useful Radiator, of which the followinglisa specifica.- tion, reference being companying drawing. t 1'0 Thisinvention. relates to radiators de`- signed for-iisein connection withinternal combustion motors, the object in view being to provide aradiator which will be economical to manufacti'ue, and efficient andeconomical in its operation. 1 A Jfurther object of the yinvention is toprovide for 'a denite and regular path of circulation-.cfg the coolingmedium throughout the entire;radiator structure, causing the through theradiator mathinjstream which is. constantly in motion, the directionpoftravel. et the stream beinglar el late ally or vcrosswise with respeettot e direction ofthe draft or current ofv-.air passing'betweenthev sections of the .radiatorj'. ,Ac further obj ect' of Ajovide alradiator which the invention is 4to will eliminate the rination ofpockets in various portions of .'ilgfqtbe.A structure, preventing theaccumulation fof the cooling medium at any point throughfout thesystein,thus securing a uniform reduction in temperature of the coolinginediiun. l

"Afurther object is to arrange the cooling Y sections in such a way thatthe soldered4 'seams'for joints thereof are accessible at alltimes,.and, therefore, adapted to be repaired, without tearing.` downthe radiator.

A further object of the invention is to provide a-radiator made upofinterchan'ge lable parts oir-sections, so that it is possible i tormnoue any part or section of the radiaj toi-,..ind to add to orsubtract from lthe number of sections in accordance with the volunie ofcooling medium to be handled, and A the horsepower of the motor inconnection v with'whch, the radiatoris used. v:[t'is also possible,incase of accident or leakage of one oftheisections, to remove-the saine,which will lessen the eiiiiency of the radiator only inlproportionitothe surface of the section removed. l

.Afurther object is to produce a more rigid a citizen of the UnitedStates ofA :hereinafter described. had therein to the ac- .,asillustrated in Figs. v1, 2 and and substantial construction of radiatorSpecification of Letters Patent. Patented klar, 17., 1914, Applicationfiled February 1:0, 1913. Serial No. 747,340.

which will effectively guard against the injurious effects of internalpressure, and to provide means for lirmly clamping together the sectionsof the radiator with any desired pressure, the latter being limitedvonly by the tensilestrength of the tie bolts or studs,

With the above and other objects in view, the invention consists in theconstruction, combination and arrangement of parts, as will behereinafter more fully described,

pended.

In the drawings: Figure 1 is a horizontal section through one of thecooling sections of the radiator of this invention, showing the combinedbraces and baii'les in plan view. Fig. 2' is a vertical longitudinalsection; through a pair of superimposed cooling sections. Fig. 3 is avertical transverse section through the same. Fig. L is an enlargedvertical longitudinal section through a complete radiator, Ataken inline with the tie bolts or studs of two of the'hollow columns. Fig. 5 isa detail vertical section taken diametrically of a portion 'of one ofthe columns. 'Fig 6 is a detail vertical section,

showing the 'means for draining the raf diator.

The radiator contemplated in this invention comprises a `vertical seriesof hollow cooling sections l, 2, 3 and 4, the same being superimposed4or arranged one above the other, as shown in Fig. 4, and being spacedat a suitable distance apart to allow acurrent of air to pass betweenthe sections.

. Each section comprises a top sheet 5, and av bottom sheet- 6, saidsheets being of sheet metal of light gage, the .top sheet having itsmarginal edges bent downwardly, as shown `at 7, while the marginal edgesof the lower sheet 6 are bent around the out-turned bottoni edges of thetop sheet, the seam or. joint extending around the entire margin of eachcooling section being soldered to prevent leaka e.` f

Fac cooling section is internally braced,

3, by combined bracing and baffle strips, 8, each of which isillustrated as of L-shape incross section, as seen .in Fig. 2, saidstrips 8 eX- killustrated in thel accompanying drawings, and pointed outin therclaims hereunto ap-v tending transversely with relation to thedirection ofthe current of air passing between the cooling seotionsaswill hereinafter apf that the cooling medium passing from onev end ofthe cooling section to the otheris forced to take a circuitous path andto move back and forth across the raidiator and transversely of thedirection of movement of the air current passing between the coolingsections.

The cooling sectionsare spaced at a suitable distance apart by lmeans ofspacing` strips 9, which, it will be observed, extend transversely tovthe direction in which the strips S run. These strips 9 run in a foreand aft direction, or in other words, in lines parallel to the directionof movement of the current of air passing between tti cooling sections.Therefore, the cooling .nedium passing between the strips 8 is carriedback and forth in planes transverse to the path traveled by the aircurrent.v This results in more thoroughly subjecting the cooling mediumto the cooling action of the air current, the cooling medium, such aswater, being spread out in a broad thin sheet, during the progressivemovement' thereof through each cooling section and through the severalsections superimposed one above the other. In addition to the featureshereinabove described, each cooling section is provided with openings1() and 11 in alinement with eachother in the top and bottom sheets, asshown in Figs. 1 to =l,.inclusive, the said openings being adapted toreceive the heads or sections of the columns now to be described.

Referring now to Fig. et, the cooling sections are shown'as connected toa pair of vertically extending hollow columns A and B, eacholui'nncomprising a cap nozzle 12, and a base nozzle 13. Each column,between the top and bottom nozzles thereof, is provided' with a verticalseries of heads 14 which are spaced apart by means of spacing rings 15.Two types ot these heads are employed in the series ot hollow columns.

V()ne type has an open center, while the other type has a closed center,lor in other words, 1s provlded with a horizontal partition 15 formedwith a. central hole 16 to receivc one of the tie bolts or studs 17, bymeans ot which all parts of the hollow column are tied together and.caused to c lamp the cooling sections 1, 2, 3 and 4 tightly m place.Each column head or section is externally rabbeted at its top andbottom, as shown at 18, leaving a central body portion 19 which is of"just sufficient size to tit ,into one of the openings 10 and 11 ot thecooling section, the width of the central portion 2O of each head orsection being the same as the distance between the top and bottom sheets5 and 6 of each cool ingsection, as clearly shown in Fig. L1. Gaskets 2lin the form of rings of rubber or other suitable material are interposedbetween the'spacing rings 15 and the column heads or' sections, asshownin detail in Fig. 5, so as te form tight joints at such points, and eachcolumn head or section is provided with lateral openings 2 2 therein,extending all around the peripheral wall'of the section orhead, so as toallow for the circulation ot' the 'cooling medium between the coolingsections and the column sections. As shown in Fig. 4, the 'top columnsection or head, at the left hand side of the figure, is of the closedcenter type, and the column head or section, at the'right hand side, isof the open centertype. In the next lower cooling section, the relativearrangement of closed and open heads is reversed. That is to say, theclosed head is at the right hand and the open head is at the left hand.This alternate arrangement of openand closed heads is preservedthroughout the' entire series of cooling sections, the object lbeing toforce the cooling mediumv to follow the direction indicated by thearrowsin Fig. el; that is to say, the cooling medium entering throughthe inlet E23 of the nozzle A is,A arrested by the partition 1'5" of thefirst column section or head met with,` and is forced through theopenings 22 lengthwise of the top cooling section 1. The cooling medilnn`then passes 1n through the v,lateral openings QQ of the column headorsection'at the opposite end of the cooling section, and thencedownwardly into the column section or head below. which is of the closedtype, and, therefore, forces the water to pass in a reverse directionthrough-the next lower cooling section. This relative arrangement ofparts is carried out throughout the entire series of sections, so thatthe water passes back and forth through all of thel sections, until itfinally issues through the outlet 24 of the base nozzle 13. Under thepreferred embodiment of the invention, each tie bolt or stud 'i7 isthreaded at its lower end, as at Q5. and screwed into a threaded openingin.

the base nozzle, while the upper nd thereot' is threaded to receive aclamping nut 26. The cap nozzle A is also formed with a stuffing box 27,in which is placed packing Qt, and a gland 29 for compressing thepacking around the tie bolt or stud 17, the gland being pressed inwardlyby means of the nut 26 simultaneously with the operation of clamping allof the sections of the Leaders radiator together. ln order to providefor drainage of the radiator and prevent the freezing of the same, thecentral opening 16 in each column head or section of the closed r, vpe4is slightly larger than the, external diameter of the tie bolt or studll', as shown in F ig. 6. Therefore, when the coolingmediem, such Water,at rest and the bottom connection of the radiator left open., the i iterwill find way downwardly through the holloov col umns into the basenozzles 13 and outimrdly through the openings 24, into one of? which athreaded plug or stop PEO may be. ewed, shown at the right hand end otl. is to the arrangement of the open and closed column heads orseelions. it will be' observed that all of the-coolsections; areidentical, but in assembling the cooling sections, they are alternatelyturned end lor end. as shoivn in Fig. e. `which has the eliect or"bringing the closed and open sections of the column into the deedarrangement to effect the definite path circulation oi the coolingmedium, as hereinabove described. if desired, a forced circulation etthe cooling medium maj;l be obtained by the use oit a suitable forcepump (not shown).` Such pump is not absolutely necessary, however, as itpossible to use 4the ordinary thern'io-siphon system of circulationWiththe radiator hereinabove described. y

From foregoing description, it Will new be seen that a forced definiteand regulA i path of circulation is provided for the if `ne n ed: n, andthat it is carried in a stream "inv oli-gh the cooling sections, thedirection of travel being back and forth, sversely and longitudinally ofthe :ling notions, the cooling medium, during ,-ortion o its beingdirected back *i n' transversely with respect to il movement of thedraft or more quickly and efficiently ed to ay niiuimum, and the Ctionot temperatnre obtained .e entire body ot the cooling the coolingsections said sections may uer. thus enabling lthe tepairs may also outtaking down the rae the fact that the soldered :tions areall at theinsbe-re described allows large amount of cooli ff to the dr or' air,and i. a amount of eoolin passing between the cooling medium on accountof the definite path of I movement of the thinstream passing through thesections ot the radiator. .Y I Y T he construction, hereinaboveparticularly described and illustrated in the drawings, also results ina more rigid andsubstantial construction of radiator, as the sheets ofwhich the coolingsections are composed are thoroughly-braced bothagainst internal and external pressure. b

What is claimed is: y

l.. A radiator for' internal combustion motors.I comprising a verticalseries of horizontal hollow cooling sections superimposed insubstantially parallel relation, each' cooling section composed of topand bottom. sheets which are spaced apart and joined vtogether at theirmarginal edges. bracing stripsall parallel to each other, interposedbetween and crossing the space between said top and.

bottom sheets. extending transversely of the path of the air between thesections and arranged in staggered. relation forming bellies which causevthe coolingmedium to take a corresponding direction, and spacingmembers, located eXteriorly of and interposed between lthe coolingsections, said spacing members all ybeing parallel to each other,crossing the space between adjacent sections and extendingparallel tothe Apath of movement of the air, andvperpendicularly to said bracingstrips,

2. A radiator for internal combustion motors. comprising a verticalseries of horizon tal hollow cooling sections superimposed insubstantiallyv parallel relation,v hollow columns arranged in spacedrelation to each other piercing the cooling sections and each embodyinga vertical series of superimposed hea-ds, each ot 'which is formed withlateral openings communicating with one of the cooling sections, certainof said heads being centrally open and' the others closed, the closedheads alternating with the open heads and being arranged in suchrelation to each other and the cooling sections as toimpart ay delinitepath of circulation to the entire' body oi the cooling medium, all ofthe heads being rabbeted to receive the top and bottom sheets of thecoolingsections. spacing rings interposed T'etnfeen the hea-ds, and tiebolts passing vertically through said columns and serving to clamp alloi' the heads and cooling sections together, the closed heads being;formed with central bolt holes sullicienily, larger than the bolts topermit-drainage.

A radiator for internal comi-)nation une lors` comprising a verticalserie of horizon tal hollow cooling sections superimposed insubstantiall)T parallel relation, hollow columns arranged in spacedrelation to each other piercing the cooling sections and eacheinbodyino" vertical series oi superimposed 1 beads, each of which isformed with lateral communicating with one of the cooling sections,certain of said heads being centrally open and the othersI closed, theclosed heads alternating with the open heads and being arranged in suchrelation to each other and the cooling sections as to impart` a definitepath of circulation to the entire body of the cooling medium, and tiebolts passing vertically through said columns and l serving to clamp allof the heads and cooling lsectionstogether, the 'closed heads being 10.'formed with central bolt holes sufficiently larger thanthe bolts topermit drainage. In testimony whereof I aiiix my signature in presenceof tWo Witnesses.

PRIMM R. HAWTHORNE. Witnesses:

R. A. LESLIE, CHARLES E. LYMAN.

